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Migraines are painful headaches often localized in a certain area of the head. It is accompanied by a pronounced sensitivity to light and sound. It can last from 2 to 72 hours and can be treated.
Although the underlying causes of migraines are unknown, it is believed to be due to a mixture of environmental and genetic factors.
Migraines are about two to three times more common in women than men. However, the risk of migraines usually decreases during pregnancy.
Signs and symptoms
The most common signs and symptoms of migraines are throbbing headache, nausea, vomiting and lethargy. Symptoms may vary from person to person.
Some people may develop aura before or during migraine headaches. An aura is a perceptual disturbance experienced by migraine sufferers such as seeing flashing lights, spots. Numbness and dizziness and difficulty speaking can also happen. Aura commonly lasts for 20 to 60 minutes.
Other symptoms that tell an oncoming migraine may include depression, irritability, lack of restful sleep, constipation, fatigue, stiff muscles (especially in the neck), sensitivity to smells or noise.
Preventive treatments of migraines include medications, nutritional supplements, lifestyle changes, and surgery.
